Let’s say that this year your local creek (e.g. Boulder Creek in Boulder,CO) undergoes a “500 year
Assignment 7
Covers Chapters 16, 17, 19
Note: Answers to “short-answer” questions should be no longer than a few sentences.
Unlike other assignments, there are 12 questions….answer all 12!
1) Let’s say that this year your local creek (e.g. Boulder Creek in Boulder,CO) undergoes a “500 year
flood” event. Does this mean that your community would be safe from a similar event for the next 500
years? Explain why or why not.
2) There are the three kinds of material transport in a stream. One is called “bed load”. What are the other
two?
3) Read all about deltas and all about alluvial fans. What is the primary factor that causes these types of
deposits to form? (Hint: What happens to a stream as it changes gradient?)
4) A river can erode down to its ______________-level.
Fill in the blank
5) With time, why do you think meander loops tend to intensify (i.e. get more curved)?
6) In terms of the world’s fresh water, where is the MOST fresh water— in the sum total of all earth’s
ground water or the sum total of all earth’s rivers and streams?
7) Is it possible for a rock to have high porosity but at the same time be quite impermeable? Yes/No, and
please explain.
8) What type of rock is commonly associated with sink-holes and Karst Topography?
A) Sandstone; B) Shale; C) Granite; D) Limestone
9) In your text, you will find a figure that shows the eruptive history of a typical geyser. What is the effect
of rapid decompression on a fluid that is near, but not quite at, its boiling point?
10) Name the two places on earth today where one can find large continental glaciers, also known as
continental ice sheets.
11) Find a map of “end moraines” from the last glacial maximum, in North America. (Try google search,
but you can also use the diagram in Glacier Chapter—captioned “End moraines in the Contiguous US and
Canada…”
OR http://www.backyardnature.net/g/ice-ages.htm)
Answer the following question: Did the Pleistocene ice sheets travel further to the south in western
North America or in eastern North America?
12) Check out the following (scientifically accurate) representation of glacial movement:
http://phet.colorado.edu/simulations/sims.php?sim=Glaciers
You can play around with the effects of changing mean annual temperature and snowfall. And, turn up
the speed.
Obviously, if you choose a high annual temperature and very low snowfall, the glacier is going to recede
quickly.
This is NOT a general question but instead, specific to this simulation.
Here’s the question—Based on the little black dots in the glacier (markers of glacier
movement), does the ice itself (in a glacier) ever flow back uphill, even during glacier recession?
Yes/No? Explain!
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